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Αρχεία Ημερολογίου για Οκτώβριος 2018

Οκτώβριος 07, 2018

Identifying Sambucus "nigra" in eastern North America

From GoBotany and Michigan Flora:

Sambucus nigra (sensu stricto) previously known as S. nigra subsp. nigra	Sambucus canadensis previously known as S. nigra subsp. canadensis
Larger, can be a small tree up to 10 m tall	Smaller, shrub up to 2.5 m tall
Branchlets with abundant lenticels	Branchlets with sparse lenticels
3-7 leaflets, usually 5	5-11 leaflets, usually 7
Petals yellow-white, carpels usually with 3 stigmas (sometimes 4)	Petals white, carpels with 4 stigmas (sometimes 3 or 5)
Pendulous fruiting clusters	More-or-less erect fruiting clusters
Drupe dingy purple, turning black, 6-8 mm wide	Drupe bright red, turning purple-black, 4-5 mm wide

(also a test of the new table format)

Posted on Οκτώβριος 07, 2018 1124 ΜΜ by

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Οκτώβριος 13, 2018

Identifying Solidago altissima & Solidago canadensis

Modified from Flora of North America, Minnesota Wildflowers, Weakley 2018, Flora of the Chicago Region 2017.

	Solidago altissima subsp. altissima	Solidago altissima subsp. gilvocanescens	Solidago canadensis var. canadensis	Solidago canadensis var. hargeri
Range and prevalence in North America:	Broad. Most of eastern North America and some spots in the west (map). Most common species, dominating old-fields.	Midwest/Great Plains (map). Begins replacing S. altissima subsp. altissima when moving toward the Great Plains.	Upper Midwest, northeastern North America. (map), but "Solidago canadensis is cultivated and introduced in more western states" (FNA)	Eastern Great Plains, Upper Midwest, northeastern North America (map), but "Solidago canadensis is cultivated and introduced in more western states" (FNA)
Flowerhead shape:	Messier, spikes of flowerheads not so neat; can be taller than wide	Messier, spikes of flowerheads not so neat; can be taller than wide	?	Graceful, neatly arranged lateral spikes; pyramid wider than tall
Involucre:	3-4.5+ mm tall	2-3 mm tall	1.7–2.5 mm tall (apparently sometimes 3 mm)	1.7–2.5 mm tall (apparently sometimes 3 mm)
Phenology (Chicago Region):	Later: August 28 - October 22	?	Earlier: July 19 - September 19	Earlier: July 19 - September 19
Pappus:	Pappus hairs >2.4 mm long	Pappus hairs >2.4 mm long	Pappus hairs <2.3 mm long	Pappus hairs <2.3 mm long
Stem:	Usually short-hairy throughout	Usually short-hairy throughout	Mid to proximal stems hairless or just sparsely hairy	Mid to proximal stems sparsely to moderately hairy
Big round stem galls:	Got'em	Got'em	Don't got'em (?)*	Don't got'em (?)*
Foliage:	-Grey-green tone -Leaves thicker, firmer -Entire or with few, small teeth, mostly upper half -Hairy underside -Upper surface hairs rough with minute bulbous bases	-Grey-green tone -Leaves thicker, firmer -Entire or with few, small teeth, mostly upper half -Hairy underside -Upper surface hairs short, curved, spreading	-Not grey-green -Leaves thinner, more lax -More coarsely toothed throughout -If hairy, only on veins below	-Not grey-green -Leaves thinner, more lax -More coarsely toothed throughout -Hairy underside

*Conflicting info in FNA and Flora of the Chicago Region, the latter of which says stem galls do occur on both S. altissima and S. canadensis.

Posted on Οκτώβριος 13, 2018 0416 ΠΜ by

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