INTRODUCTION
The distribution ranges of Kobus kob (the kob) and Aepyceros melampus (the common impala) are mutually exclusive.
Both species
Kobus kob occurs in the Guinea savannas of West and north-central Africa and South Sudan (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Kobus_kob_distribution.svg). Aepyceros melampus occurs in the savannas of southern and East Africa, favoring thorn savanna over miombo woodland (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Impala.png).
This biogeographical and ecological separation suggests that the two taxa share a single niche in a loose sense, partitioning Africa so that one or the other occupies any given area.
The most important evidence of this is that A. melampus, although abundant in East and southern Africa, is absent across the vast savannas of the other half of the continent.
Given this scenario of approximate ecological equivalence, it is worth comparing Kobus kob (https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-kob-standing-on-meadow-kobus-kob-35643086.html?imageid=5D86534C-0804-4455-AB6C-6B9B0A715441&p=89982&pn=7&searchId=998dfc7baffa23b9177357f935dc7ab5&searchtype=0) with A. melampus in various biological features.
More particularly, in this Post I focus on the most widespread subspecies, namely Kobus kob kob (https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-kob-hind-kalakpa-resource-reserve-eastern-region-ghana-11380712.html?imageid=FF4E82D8-7D10-4CD4-876F-CC9B10B86B39&p=54834&pn=8&searchId=1cc4c968aae75dd56f77ec944b83ce3f&searchtype=0).
This, the nominate subspecies, occurs from Senegal (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senegal) in the west to Chad (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chad) in the east, a distance of nearly 5,000 kilometers - entirely devoid of any species of Aepyceros.
AIMS
So, the central question is:
To what degree is K. kob kob (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/149939631) just a 'western/northern impala', under a different name?
For illustrations of Aepyceros melampus, see my many Posts (https://www.inaturalist.org/posts/89229-an-index-to-my-posts-about-impalas-aepyceros#).
PHYLOGENY
Kobus belongs to the tribe Reduncini, whereas Aepyceros belongs to the tribe Aepycerotini. This means that
BODY MASS AND PROPORTIONS
Kobus kob kob is similar in body mass to Aepyceros melampus.
Important for this comparison is the fact that K. k. kob is much smaller than K. k. thomasi, a better-known subspecies occurring in Uganda (pages 191-195 in https://zmmu.msu.ru/files/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%20%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0/grubb-groves-2011_taxonomy_ungulates.pdf).
The similarity in body size can be illustrated indirectly by using Bubulcus ibis for scale (https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-kob-hind-with-fawnabout-to-drink-at-waterhole-kalakpa-resource-reserve-11380714.html?imageid=6CD38FB4-8588-4ED5-B0E2-E71CD5E6DCE9&p=54834&pn=7&searchId=b27cc7ee52bb614a82ca2293933ebfc9&searchtype=0 and https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/video/impala-male-and-baby-grazing-with-cattle-egrets-stock-video-footage/153421309?adppopup=true and https://www.alamy.com/male-impala-antelope-cattle-egret-moremi-np-africa-image360686597.html).
Kobus kob kob differs from A. melampus in
Infants of K. k. kob are far less 'leggy' than those of A. melampus. Please compare https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/81449293 with https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/young-impala-aepyceros-melampus-south-luangwa-2433231493, and also see https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/66469668 and https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/19289953.
Form of horns
The horns are similar in size and shape in the two taxa (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/66512647).
Sexual dimorphism
The degree and nature of sexual dimorphism are similar in K. k. kob and A. melampus.
ANATOMICAL DETAILS
Hooves
The hooves of K, k. kob are larger than those of A. melampus. The difference is particularly great in the case of the false hooves/dewclaws, which are well-developed in the former, but absent in the latter.
Stifle-fold
In both K. k. kob and A. melampus, dark bare skin shows at the stifle-fold. However, this is far less extensive in the former (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/153171326 and https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/194064714) than in the latter (https://es.123rf.com/photo_19382128_impala-ram-aepyceros-melampus--kruger-national-park-south-africa.html).
Rhinarium
In both K. k. kob and A. melampus, the rhinarium is small. However, the latter is extreme in this respect (https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/male-impala-lying-on-ground-his-1389971402)
Tail
In both K. k. kob and A. melampus, the tail
Udder
In both K. k. kob and A. melampus, there are two pairs of teats (mammillae).
GLANDS
In both K. k. kob and A. melampus, external glands are poorly-developed relative to most other ruminants, and interdigital and caudal glands are absent.
However, the two taxa differ in that
COLOURATION
Both K. k. kob and A. melampus are whitish on the ventral surface of the torso, and the inner surface of the upper hindlegs (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/87964267). In K. k. kob, the posterior surface of the upper foreleg is whitish (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/45489988 and https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/174890117 https://www.flickr.com/photos/anymotion/6805172099). However, in the latter this is crisply-defined.
Overall
Both K.k. kob and A. melampus
However, the tone on the flanks is far less distinctly defined in K. k. kob (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7108295) than in A. melampus ().
Forelegs
In K. k. kob, dark pelage accentuates the anterior surface of the legs, particularly the forelegs (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/149566968). In A. melampus, such accentuation is minimal, being restricted to the fetlocks, and absent from most individuals.
Buttocks
Kobus kob kob and A. melampus differ categorically w.r.t. the pattern of colouration on the buttocks (compare https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/174890113 and https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/149939632 with https://www.hlasek.com/aepyceros_melampus_db2745.html and https://www.alamy.com/impala-aepyceros-melampus-male-ram-antelope-portrait-and-close-up-in-wild-of-madikwe-game-reserve-south-africa-image224844451.html).
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/103751818
Tail
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/137559365
The tail shows a dark/pale contrast when swished, in both K. k. kob and A. melampus. However, this accentuation is minimal in the former (compare https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/193968110 and https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/110734207 with https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/antelope-masai-mara-kenya-2269362071 and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/ImpalaSerengetiNationalParkMar2011.jpg and https://www.alamy.com/herd-or-harem-of-female-impala-aepyceros-melampus-signal-by-wagging-their-tails-together-in-greater-marakenyaafrica-image178986280.html).
Ear pinnae
In both K. k. kob and A. melampus:
The apex of the posterior surface of the ear pinna tends to be dark (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/121639160
and https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/103751917). However, this pattern is less distinct in the former than in the latter, and tends to disappear in mature males of K.k. kob (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/6572131).
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/196323998
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/152317862
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/196137319
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/191558533
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/174890112
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/174890101
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/44762435 and https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/44762434
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/75651701 and https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/75651699
Both K. k. kob and A. melampus possess a pedal flag, consisting of pale pasterns offset by dark (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/129691858 and https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/103751848 and https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/103751810 and https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/103751802 and https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/75651674 and https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/75651671 and https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/36994608 and https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/6443432).
Crook-of-throat
In both K. k. kob and A. melampus, mature males possess a whitish patch on the anterior surface of the neck, adjacent to the lower jaw (https://www.alamy.com/ugandan-kobs-kobus-kob-thomasi-mating-behavior-sequence-queen-elizabeth-national-park-uganda-image376770532.html?imageid=0EC4CE3B-937F-4462-ABAE-3E9F321FD031&p=1132882&pn=1&searchId=8ba2a2cdf722c8a88018f6cc5e319bd5&searchtype=0).
This feature
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/34206853
to be continued in https://www.inaturalist.org/journal/milewski/90896-kobus-kob-kob-as-the-west-and-central-african-counterpart-for-the-common-impala-aepyceros-melampus-part-2#...
Σχόλια
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/98860522
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/89457654
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/9979069
https://antelopeworld.wordpress.com/about/
https://www.lesbectrotters.ch/english/ghana-2021-22-introduction/mole-national-park-elephants-and-savannah/
https://www.zootierliste.de/en/?klasse=1&ordnung=121&familie=12117&art=50907679
https://www.facebook.com/parcnationalwbenin/photos/a.104469531126754/296774915229547/?type=3
https://www.animalscoop.fr/mammiferes-index-mammals-s%C3%A4ugetiere/ungulata-cetartiodactyla-paridigit%C3%A9s-perissodactyla-imparidigit%C3%A9s/cobe-de-buffon-kobus-kob-b%C3%A9nin-pendjari-burkina-faso-arli-c%C3%B4te-d-ivoire-como%C3%A9-s%C3%A9n%C3%A9gal-niokolo-koba/
https://www.derbianus.cz/en/pribeh-antilopy/
https://www.animalscoop.fr/mammiferes-index-mammals-s%C3%A4ugetiere/ungulata-cetartiodactyla-paridigit%C3%A9s-perissodactyla-imparidigit%C3%A9s/cobe-de-buffon-kobus-kob-cobe-des-roseaux-r-redunca-phacoch%C3%A8re/
https://www.tripadvisor.com/LocationPhotoDirectLink-g2368256-d479353-i300858087-Parc_National_du_Niokolo_Koba-Kolda_Kolda_Region_Casamance.html
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Antilope-boundiali.jpg
http://www.arthurgrosset.com/mammals/kob.html
https://whc.unesco.org/en/documents/142366
https://www.tripadvisor.com/LocationPhotoDirectLink-g2368256-d479353-i300857967-Parc_National_du_Niokolo_Koba-Kolda_Kolda_Region_Casamance.html
Kobus kob thomasi
https://www.alamy.com/uganda-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-queen-elizabeth-np-uganda-image239209740.html?imageid=76A61CE1-AC79-4F34-A359-CFA44A256888&p=22059&pn=3&searchId=1fc02166e2c9a69388ea5a098cee6232&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/group-of-female-ugandan-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-on-the-move-in-queen-elizabeth-national-park-south-west-uganda-east-africa-image242084791.html?imageid=9EA050BA-AEEA-4C27-B624-CB93F502571B&p=11309&pn=1&searchId=699e1dc9f674152eb01f429e99e5e52d&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/young-ugandan-kop-in-queen-elizabeth-national-park-image398040944.html?imageid=D7D839ED-9F90-4375-A6C4-09BE3B6A2CA9&p=59488&pn=1&searchId=699e1dc9f674152eb01f429e99e5e52d&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-some-uganda-kobs-walking-through-green-grass-in-uganda-africa-70288434.html?imageid=01FB4623-45A8-43A7-A299-889E9ED4E096&p=148337&pn=1&searchId=699e1dc9f674152eb01f429e99e5e52d&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-3-uganda-kobs-standing-in-green-grassy-vegetation-in-uganda-africa-70288641.html?imageid=139178F3-BE3D-47B3-84BB-2CBF8345115B&p=148337&pn=2&searchId=9fd3acec1671e26a3802f3ef1ec681f6&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-uganda-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-queen-elizabeth-national-park-uganda-92128597.html?imageid=AF69529F-3994-4B83-921D-0018CB2C829C&p=22059&pn=2&searchId=9fd3acec1671e26a3802f3ef1ec681f6&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-uganda-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-murchison-falls-national-park-uganda-11847893.html?imageid=8872EF6A-B89B-4DF9-8393-4104E38EF33F&p=74587&pn=2&searchId=9fd3acec1671e26a3802f3ef1ec681f6&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-uganda-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-murchison-falls-national-park-uganda-11847900.html?imageid=8635F222-9F23-4359-801A-062169D764CE&p=74587&pn=2&searchId=9fd3acec1671e26a3802f3ef1ec681f6&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-uganda-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-murchison-falls-national-park-uganda-11847896.html?imageid=19CF1409-9AF4-4028-9698-E19DA85432F2&p=74587&pn=2&searchId=9fd3acec1671e26a3802f3ef1ec681f6&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-mother-and-kid-ugandan-kob-antelope-kobus-kob-thomasi-murchisons-falls-176062547.html
https://www.alamy.com/uganda-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-queen-elizabeth-np-uganda-image239210150.html?imageid=BA05CA59-7B1E-4472-914F-EA4EE23E83DC&p=22059&pn=1&searchId=53c32bd343408e5298ee0c532888e371&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/uganda-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-queen-elizabeth-np-uganda-image239210320.html?imageid=C806D89A-CD44-45DF-9B8D-49CA367EFFC5&p=22059&pn=1&searchId=53c32bd343408e5298ee0c532888e371&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/a-female-ugandan-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-queen-elizabeth-national-park-uganda-image226696020.html?imageid=011E1E99-5C3A-40E9-A85A-061AF486D65A&p=39397&pn=1&searchId=53c32bd343408e5298ee0c532888e371&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-some-uganda-kobs-and-guinea-fowls-in-uganda-africa-70288422.html?imageid=4FEE0C11-EC08-401F-868C-3074E1D12C33&p=148337&pn=1&searchId=53c32bd343408e5298ee0c532888e371&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/uganda-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-queen-elizabeth-np-uganda-image239209833.html?imageid=A376B1E8-DEA9-4466-8D59-CDCDF27AE19A&p=22059&pn=2&searchId=17fda25907c462c1362b2b372e4ca09c&searchtype=0 and https://www.alamy.com/uganda-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-queen-elizabeth-np-uganda-image239209992.html?imageid=A3569061-BA66-448B-BEDE-BA678044C25F&p=22059&pn=2&searchId=17fda25907c462c1362b2b372e4ca09c&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/this-young-uganda-kob-fawn-is-old-enough-that-its-mother-has-taken-it-out-of-the-secluded-tick-vegetation-it-was-hidden-in-for-the-first-week-image360249649.html?imageid=5CB360FD-8E55-4054-AF5C-8102721951EF&p=16790&pn=3&searchId=1fc02166e2c9a69388ea5a098cee6232&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/group-of-female-ugandan-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-on-the-move-in-queen-elizabeth-national-park-south-west-uganda-east-africa-image242084791.html?imageid=9EA050BA-AEEA-4C27-B624-CB93F502571B&p=11309&pn=3&searchId=1fc02166e2c9a69388ea5a098cee6232&searchtype=0
?buccal semet in Kobus kob thomasi:
https://www.alamy.com/uganda-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-beautiful-small-antelope-from-african-savannah-murchison-falls-uganda-image442929649.html
https://www.alamy.com/uganda-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-beautiful-small-antelope-from-african-savannah-murchison-falls-uganda-image442929649.html?imageid=15C26543-2754-47AE-8B2F-8329005DBF03&p=441453&pn=1&searchId=53c32bd343408e5298ee0c532888e371&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/uganda-ishasha-in-the-southwest-sector-of-queen-elizabeth-national-park-uganda-cobe-or-ugandan-cobe-kobus-kob-thomasi-male-comes-during-the-rainy-image379382133.html?imageid=D51BC9F5-A5E2-492C-8951-68935784A342&p=22214&pn=4&searchId=22c5169637896022d84a2a24840adffb&searchtype=0
Mislabelled Ourebia
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-kob-kobus-kob-murchison-falls-national-park-uganda-east-africa-32361406.html?imageid=41191108-B8BE-4213-9C8A-5C51205A0452&p=16403&pn=1&searchId=53c32bd343408e5298ee0c532888e371&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-mother-and-kid-ugandan-kob-antelope-kobus-kob-thomasi-murchisons-falls-176062540.html?imageid=51728E6E-6D90-4C14-B522-C65DDFE2B17D&p=135160&pn=2&searchId=17fda25907c462c1362b2b372e4ca09c&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/a-female-ugandan-kob-with-a-baby-queen-elizabeth-national-park-uganda-image442287073.html?imageid=F203DB6C-E53C-4FF5-9E8A-6D2E1D3227D7&p=399361&pn=2&searchId=17fda25907c462c1362b2b372e4ca09c&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/uganda-ishasha-in-the-southwest-sector-of-queen-elizabeth-national-park-young-ugandan-cobe-or-ugandan-cobe-kobus-kob-thomasi-comes-during-the-rai-image379382168.html?imageid=46750F06-6072-42C4-B818-567A81E8815A&p=22214&pn=3&searchId=1fc02166e2c9a69388ea5a098cee6232&searchtype=0
Ambling gait in Kobus kob thomasi
https://www.alamy.com/uganda-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-queen-elizabeth-np-uganda-image239209823.html?imageid=214F1F4B-A2A0-4F88-B5CD-35F035BB9B2F&p=22059&pn=5&searchId=8cf9a77af98884325a8a4867fd5b46d2&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-kob-ram-kobus-kob-15365112.html?imageid=ACBD88FD-7D29-445D-BD63-86AA00E0A597&p=872561&pn=6&searchId=4f6e28430eca256702f56932415018a3&searchtype=0
Semi cross-walk in Taurotragus oryx
https://www.alamy.com/antelope-on-the-african-savannah-natural-environment-antelope-habitat-hoofed-horned-animal-image229603327.html?imageid=45232937-A0CD-47D6-8720-67DA41404CC5&p=282140&pn=6&searchId=4f6e28430eca256702f56932415018a3&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-female-of-different-ages-and-young-kob-in-the-ugandan-savannah-in-138930607.html?imageid=C87B127A-1E1D-47CF-AAA8-1D9B79415654&p=174701&pn=1&searchId=51e07711c7acf7f59083f9cda21a0c67&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/a-female-kob-looking-at-the-camera-nursing-her-baby-kobus-kob-murchison-falls-national-park-uganda-image369204489.html?imageid=BF887E5E-563C-4F22-A5FE-DBEEA4D37DA1&p=641873&pn=1&searchId=51e07711c7acf7f59083f9cda21a0c67&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-waterbuck-kobus-ellipsiprymnus-murchison-falls-national-park-uganda-92762901.html?imageid=4A31188D-2A65-4C78-B32B-128CDFA2F707&p=301324&pn=1&searchId=51e07711c7acf7f59083f9cda21a0c67&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-female-uganda-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-with-calf-murchison-falls-national-47964956.html?imageid=3461818C-A7CD-4C25-A95F-53D7AEE9CF23&p=53483&pn=1&searchId=51e07711c7acf7f59083f9cda21a0c67&searchtype=0
https://www.pond5.com/stock-footage/item/196980818-gazelle-antelope-calf-sucks-mother-milk-african-savannah
https://www.dreamstime.com/stock-photo-impala-suckling-smelling-photographed-nairobi-national-park-kenya-young-was-its-mother-dominant-male-was-image84208969
https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=LLs4GT364eo
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-herd-of-common-eland-and-grants-gazelles-masai-mara-kenya-49264460.html
https://www.alamy.com/herd-of-common-eland-in-the-bush-south-africa-image355749251.html?imageid=DC7DA5D1-7EB6-4390-8702-E80DD3589162&p=222786&pn=1&searchId=d46d0c6a804ae5b5e3ae6bd1dbd1c509&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/eland-herd-migrating-tanzania-image245421612.html?imageid=DE75172B-260A-4D76-992F-ACB9C17F7061&p=42009&pn=1&searchId=d46d0c6a804ae5b5e3ae6bd1dbd1c509&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-aerial-view-of-a-eland-herd-erindi-namibia-africa-87078065.html?imageid=7D5FEC9F-DD2B-467A-8617-4AD084B7C0B9&p=269694&pn=1&searchId=d46d0c6a804ae5b5e3ae6bd1dbd1c509&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-mixed-herd-of-eland-and-wildebeest-26801341.html?imageid=DFD5ECB6-DFA8-4A22-A936-D94914B2E836&p=38703&pn=1&searchId=d46d0c6a804ae5b5e3ae6bd1dbd1c509&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/a-herd-of-eland-taurotragus-oryx-seen-in-zimbabwes-mana-pools-national-park-image350294925.html?imageid=3E424D58-96CD-49B6-98BD-2343E84BB1C7&p=20852&pn=1&searchId=d46d0c6a804ae5b5e3ae6bd1dbd1c509&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-eland-antelope-herd-running-51311963.html?imageid=ABB0F15D-997D-470E-A986-9EB268E0152B&p=4877&pn=1&searchId=d46d0c6a804ae5b5e3ae6bd1dbd1c509&searchtype=0
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/newly-born-impala-fawn-south-luangwa-1882735075
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-african-lion-panthera-leo-female-pawing-kob-kobus-kob-calf-queen-elizabeth-125484540.html?imageid=2CAA7372-A151-4A79-866B-C0F059884EC5&p=360434&pn=5&searchId=f8a4f27e552a0a1b055c8c50dc6e5aee&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-african-lion-panthera-leo-female-and-kob-kobus-kob-calf-queen-elizabeth-125494486.html?imageid=DE6BA8F8-DED6-419C-8F0F-B4BF0D05514D&p=360434&pn=5&searchId=f8a4f27e552a0a1b055c8c50dc6e5aee&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-african-lion-panthera-leo-female-looking-at-kob-kobus-kob-calf-queen-125494485.html?imageid=8FDE59BF-EEDA-4BF6-B9B3-0688AEA3F51E&p=360434&pn=6&searchId=046fd13d8080360f97b35b694f5a363d&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/a-female-kob-looking-at-the-camera-nursing-her-baby-kobus-kob-murchison-falls-national-park-uganda-image369204489.html?imageid=BF887E5E-563C-4F22-A5FE-DBEEA4D37DA1&p=641873&pn=6&searchId=046fd13d8080360f97b35b694f5a363d&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-uganda-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-queen-elizabeth-national-park-uganda-92128597.html?imageid=AF69529F-3994-4B83-921D-0018CB2C829C&p=22059&pn=6&searchId=046fd13d8080360f97b35b694f5a363d&searchtype=0
Sexual dimorphism in body size in Kobus kob thomasi
https://www.alamy.com/uganda-kob-queen-elizabeth-national-park-uganda-august-2016-image409835291.html?imageid=5D6B2C51-4C69-4479-A363-A3DBAB3835E5&p=557829&pn=8&searchId=1cc4c968aae75dd56f77ec944b83ce3f&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/uganda-kob-queen-elizabeth-national-park-uganda-august-2016-image409835237.html?imageid=44D30FE1-1D31-4177-8296-0DE6F4E9C5BA&p=557829&pn=8&searchId=1cc4c968aae75dd56f77ec944b83ce3f&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-kob-kobus-kob-adult-male-standing-in-savannah-queen-elizabeth-np-uganda-47781299.html?imageid=4C655BCA-96D0-456F-8F42-44BCB6028215&p=11592&pn=8&searchId=1cc4c968aae75dd56f77ec944b83ce3f&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-puku-ram-kobus-vardonii-11447423.html?imageid=F8F8E082-900A-4A80-B105-AF8DC1747C6C&p=872561&pn=8&searchId=1cc4c968aae75dd56f77ec944b83ce3f&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/two-kob-hinds-mole-national-park-northern-ghana-image1833521.html?imageid=19C61258-22EE-4247-8867-4E1F112ED188&p=54834&pn=8&searchId=1cc4c968aae75dd56f77ec944b83ce3f&searchtype=0
Redunca redunca, mislabelled:
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-kenya-masai-mara-national-reserve-cobe-lechwe-kobus-leche-48681080.html?imageid=7A7FB019-310B-442D-B2C6-9A23E0A831D8&p=158375&pn=8&searchId=1cc4c968aae75dd56f77ec944b83ce3f&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-white-eared-kob-kobus-kob-leucotis-kidepo-valley-national-park-uganda-91810715.html?imageid=95134A0C-7BFA-41D3-B6B9-45BD75083F7E&p=22059&pn=9&searchId=47bf105989ad67c1bfa53a40fbad538b&searchtype=0
https://create.vista.com/unlimited/stock-photos/432775762/stock-photo-baby-sable-antelope-stands-muddy-ground/
https://howieswildlifeimages.com/page/12/
https://www.africaimagelibrary.com/media/4b26b7b4-9b8e-4b65-8dc9-50103e609f26-impala-ram-aepyceros-melampus-akagera-national-park-rwanda
https://www.africaimagelibrary.com/media/e65dbf22-af1f-4b33-aea2-6e62423423c9-impala-ram-aepyceros-melampus-gondwana-game-reserve-south-af
SHIFT TO VIBRISSAE
https://www.alamy.com/portrait-of-an-impala-ram-with-long-horns-image462124629.html
https://elements.envato.com/impala-ram-motionless-in-africa-4VJ6ADK
https://www.mpalalive.org/field_guide/view/impala
https://wiki.kidzsearch.com/wiki/Impala#/media/File%3AImpalas_(Aepyceros_melampus)female_and_young(11421993164).jpg
https://picflick.co.za/product/impala-ram/
Excellent
Shift
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/antelope-nature-490915735
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-female-impalas-hluhluwe-game-reserve-kwazulu-natal-south-africa-35273659.html?imageid=70A01CB9-38AD-4238-8BF2-BD0A1EED0028&p=17373&pn=1&searchId=73f0b58ef3326603ea272f3f663ca1d3&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/adult-female-puku-kobus-vardonii-in-south-luangwa-national-park-zambia-image366951605.html?imageid=BFE88D8B-B516-4E5D-BA85-FFC0F47B58DE&p=690600&pn=1&searchId=6dd44f732fcf67c9b270e5f81f83300c&searchtype=0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puku
A peculiarity of colouration in adult female Nyala angasii is that the ground-colour of the pelage has the same hue and tone as the bare skin on the anterior surfaces of the ear pinnae.
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/kudu-south-african-game-reserve-396803596
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/kudu-south-african-game-reserve-396803587
https://explorationvacation.net/botswana-by-the-hippo-pool-in-moremi/
Kobus kob and Aepyceros melampus seem to differ in the degree to which the tail is raised during defecation/micturition.
In the former, the tail is likely to be fully erected, based on photos of closely-related Kobus vardoni.
In the latter, the tail is raised no higher than the horizontal:
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/impala-antelope-bum-making-poo-425283262
https://depositphotos.com/photo/closeup-impala-pooping-wild-animal-natural-habitat-232282704.html
https://www.agefotostock.com/age/en/details-photo/impala-aepycerus-melampus-male-defecating-lake-nakuru-kenya-africa/X5V-2304955
https://www.alamy.com/impala-aepyceros-melampus-horned-male-squatting-defecating-droppings-in-pellet-form-being-a-herbivore-poo-will-contain-digested-and-partly-dige-image398736127.html
https://www.facebook.com/SachinRaiPhotography/photos/a.179562445412777/3079682088734117/?type=3
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/impala-pooping-serengeti-national-park-tanzania-1495412468
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/impala-ram-defecating-gm542816336-97261613
http://www.eveandersson.com/photo-display/large/south-africa/timbavati-impala-pooping.html
https://yayimages.com/28647810/male-impala-defecating-in-the-grass.html
https://www.agefotostock.com/age/en/details-photo/impala-aepycerus-melampus-male-defecating-lake-nakuru-kenya-africa/X5V-2304955
Aepyceros petersi:
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/impala-defecating-214377745
https://www.alamy.com/impala-impalas-antelopes-aepyceros-melampus-ewe-with-calf-lake-mburo-national-park-uganda-image218024453.html?imageid=88C421CA-0D9B-46DB-8F59-66D4C9349B3B&p=39496&pn=1&searchId=9f12497c29def42bf65a512eafff9f8a&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/uganda-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-female-and-baby-on-alert-queen-elizabeth-national-park-uganda-image544060226.html?imageid=729F0365-8190-4120-91DF-89A2A7E54076&p=1442132&pn=13&searchId=26a74d9f325b750bc020d96a4d542a1c&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/one-tusked-warthog-in-kidepo-valley-national-park-uganda-east-africa-image486866821.html?imageid=A915B3C1-B94A-4E18-877E-0480E8545484&p=82939&pn=4&searchId=a0af344129f9187dec1aac9245b1a14d&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/a-male-ugandan-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-queen-elizabeth-national-park-uganda-image226695213.html?imageid=1952AECB-E6A1-47D3-9FEA-227E35485844&p=39397&pn=6&searchId=00ee0be97495c97b7ec0f42db8d693fd&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/a-female-ugandan-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-queen-elizabeth-national-park-uganda-image226696020.html?imageid=011E1E99-5C3A-40E9-A85A-061AF486D65A&p=39397&pn=6&searchId=00ee0be97495c97b7ec0f42db8d693fd&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/a-male-ugandan-kob-kobus-kob-thomasi-queen-elizabeth-national-park-uganda-image225265687.html?imageid=BED52219-5200-48EC-BB8D-A27E1AF4E37F&p=39397&pn=7&searchId=dd85b02f8ab86452c544731722df78eb&searchtype=0
Buccal semet in Alcelaphus lelwel
https://www.alamy.com/stock-image-lelwel-hartebeest-alcelaphus-buselaphus-lelwel-an-endangered-subspecies-164997783.html?imageid=34CA2C43-FAB0-4C6F-8039-1C4C323A7E00&p=56009&pn=7&searchId=dd85b02f8ab86452c544731722df78eb&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/female-and-young-east-african-defassa-waterbucks-kobus-ellipsiprymnus-defassa-queen-elizabeth-national-park-uganda-image226954273.html?imageid=B7F5D910-B59E-4EC9-A979-04DFFC374D80&p=39397&pn=9&searchId=ae05f58268160fbd61d0ca0cdfd410c0&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/young-ugandan-kop-in-queen-elizabeth-national-park-image398040944.html?imageid=D7D839ED-9F90-4375-A6C4-09BE3B6A2CA9&p=59488&pn=10&searchId=bca5c8d92450c150e403819c736e1d9c&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-young-defassa-waterbuck-kobus-ellipsiprymnus-defassa-queen-elizabeth-92130263.html?imageid=D28E775B-26DC-4F87-915C-7DDF629A8B48&p=22059&pn=10&searchId=bca5c8d92450c150e403819c736e1d9c&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-young-defassa-waterbuck-kobus-ellipsiprymnus-defassa-queen-elizabeth-92130496.html?imageid=0AD875D3-E2B9-4EBB-BA4A-648DF18A1279&p=22059&pn=11&searchId=cff86087afdc68196a78c51becf2f367&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/jacksons-hartebeest-alcelaphus-buselaphus-lelwel-murchison-falls-national-park-uganda-image554650444.html?imageid=F6D61278-2B54-447D-B416-BB3D10F6B788&p=2184921&pn=10&searchId=bca5c8d92450c150e403819c736e1d9c&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/impala-antelope-at-murchison-falls-national-park-safari-reserve-in-uganda-the-pearl-of-africa-image222662790.html?imageid=2F624F51-ECFF-4EBD-870A-6DE913DE0A75&p=370223&pn=1&searchId=bf0df45f6cdd487771c0a27ea33653bf&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/male-kob-antelope-kobus-kob-in-murchison-falls-national-park-image242366068.html?imageid=205D9B31-4010-4550-B8DB-A68E251592D9&p=56628&pn=1&searchId=bf0df45f6cdd487771c0a27ea33653bf&searchtype=0
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-male-oribi-ourebia-ourebi-antelope-murchisons-falls-national-park-176062581.html?imageid=FA09265A-C2ED-42BB-93A6-6503711FC8F3&p=135160&pn=1&searchId=bf0df45f6cdd487771c0a27ea33653bf&searchtype=0
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