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Diaspididae (Armored Scale Insects)
Genus Pinnaspis

Thanks bnormark for ID

The white things are the male scales. They are secreted by the 2nd instar male. The short ones aren't complete yet and still have 2nd-instar males under them. The longer ones are complete, and could house 2nd instars, or pre-pupae, or -- as you say -- pupae, or adult males, or they could be empty, the adult male having left long ago. Male scales persist much longer than the insects that made them, so most male scales are empty.

The round orange things are probably lichens.

The long brown things are the adult female scales. Since they are transparent you can see the adult female herself towards the anterior end and the waxy remnants of her eggs towards the posterior end.

Yes, the small red-orange specks are the first-instar nymphs. Note that you can see the first-instar nymphal exuviae (specks like these) at the anterior end of all the male and female scales.

First time learning on this family and first time spotting it. Such a tiny one!!
Smaller than the fly that was photographed together with it.

Saldidae (Shore bugs)
Very fast to take flight when approaching it. Can only do zoom hp shots

Saldidae, also known as shore bugs, are a family of insects in the order Hemiptera (true bugs). They are oval-shaped and measure 2–8 mm when mature. Typically they are found near shorelines or the marginal growths near water. They can flee by leaping or taking flight.

https://m.singapore.biodiversity.online/taxon/A-Arth-Hexa-Hemi-Hete-Lept-Saldidae

Specimen (female Ripiphorid beetle laying eggs, pupae and many tiny white eggs) are found on a leaf, with a cockroach nymph.

Thanks Doug Yanega for ID
Female Ripiphorid beetle laying eggs

"Pretty certainly subfamily Ripidiinae, meaning the host is probably some arboreal forest roach".

"The larvae are internal parasites".

"The evidence that these begin laying eggs immediately after eclosing from the pupal stage makes me very suspicious that they could be parthenogenetic, reproducing without males."

Melvyn Yeo sent me this link. The specimen I saw are similar to his in the comments. The original post from 2018 show another type :

https://www.facebook.com/groups/38603112572/permalink/10156959721782573/?mibextid=Nif5oz

Singapore have Ripiphorid:
https://m.singapore.biodiversity.online/species/A-Arth-Hexa-Coleoptera-000695

The Italian ripiphorid paper, can see the laviform female (adult) appearance, look similar to this specimen: http://www.aemnp.eu/PDF/49_1/49_1_247.pdf

17 May 2023 | Singapore

Videos found here:
https://m.facebook.com/groups/TheEntomologyGroup/permalink/10159923575198393/?mibextid=Nif5oz

Video:
https://www.instagram.com/reel/CsYAe5sRPMp/?igsh=dmN4bmlyZ3RveXBw

Appreciate advice on this.

Its black with orange lines, some lines on its face. Two small orange dots on the body, just after the line. Under sunlight, it look golden.

Could this be Brachyplatys? If yes, can it be ID further?

Note this is not Coptosoma.
It is not the usual Brachyplatys subaeneus either as this is bigger in size. The face features/patterns dont match too.

Apr 2023 | Singapore

Very small lygaeoid.
Pinkish with clear transparent wings.

Very cute, flew on me when im out in the sea. Probably flew to me from nearby island.

Thanks Yeshwanth HM
Meschia

Superfamily: Lygaeoidea (Seed Bugs and Allies)
Family: Meschiidae
Genus: Meschia

Oct 2022 | Singapore

Scotomedes cf. ater subsp. confrater, van Doesburg 2004

Literature
Van Doesburg, P. H., 2004: A taxonomic revision of the family Velocipedidae Bergroth, 1891. Zoologische Verhandelingen (Leiden).(347): 5-110

http://repository.naturalis.nl/document/43880